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  2. Building Advice for Trade Experts | Jewson
  3. Jewson | Expert Advice | Safety Regulations
  4. Complete Guide to Pad Foundations | Jewson

Complete guide to pad foundations

Foundations are the first part of a construction project and one of the most critical elements. Every structure needs strong foundations to create a solid base for building safety and stability. 

Pad foundations transfer the weight of the building down into stable rock or soil.

There are two forms of foundations — shallow foundations and deep foundations. The type of foundation you need depends on the building design and loading requirements, ground conditions, site access and how close the site is to other buildings.

Concrete pad foundations are often used in commercial and industrial warehouse builds, and for residential projects like timber frame kits. Find out more about pad foundations below but please just note – this is general info. Every project is different so if you are at all unsure about your particular project it’s best to seek appropriate specialist advice. Where applicable work must be carried out by a qualified professional. Always follow manufacturer’s instructions advice and ensure compliance with any applicable laws or regulations.

pad foundation

What is a pad foundation in construction?

Pad foundations are shallow foundations. The isolated concrete pad (or block) is usually circular or square. It is positioned at a shallow depth to support single-point loads like columns from buildings. They can also be used to support ground beams.

Pad foundations are also referred to as isolated bases or spreading. They can only be used when the ground is stable and has good load-bearing capacity at shallow depths.

Construction pad foundations can also be deep. However, this isn’t usually cost-effective.

A pad foundation is generally straight and simple. It usually has an even thickness between 600mm and 2m deep. This process provides more structural strength to the weak soil underneath. Pads with a sloped surface can also be used if they work better with the building.

A structural engineer can calculate the size of the pad, considering ground conditions and the amount of load.

Reinforcing concrete pad foundations

Concrete pad foundation reinforcement means high loading is possible and helps avoid failed ‘punching shear’ where concrete slabs collapse under the force of concentrated loads.

concrete foundation

Advantages of pad foundation

Construction workers use pad foundations to provide stability, strength and support in settings with low-bearing soils or that require shallow foundations. They are usually easier and quicker to construct than other foundation types as they don’t require deep excavations or large amounts of soil and can be shaped to accommodate tight sites.

Disadvantages of pad foundation

While pad foundations are suitable for frame-based constructions with large roof areas like warehouses, they are not suitable for every building or project, such as high-rise buildings. They can be susceptible to damage from earth movements, such as earthquakes and landslides, and can’t be used where there is a risk of water levels rising beneath the foundations. This could compromise both the pad and the column it is supporting.

Like any foundation, construction pad foundations must be used in the appropriate soil conditions. Also, consider the size and type of building and how it will impact the environment. The aim should always be to construct a stable and safe structure that stands the test of time.

Don't hesitate to speak to a building expert if you’re unsure whether concrete pad foundations suit your next commercial or industrial warehouse building. They can help you determine which type of foundation to choose for the job.

The information on this website is intended to be for general guidance – however every project is different which could affect the suitability for your particular project or circumstances. References to a product, service or material should not be considered a recommendation or any indication of fitness for any specific purpose. Where applicable work must be carried out by a qualified professional. Seek appropriate specialist advice if needed and always follow manufacturer’s instructions advice and ensure compliance with any applicable laws or regulations.

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